Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)

What are coronavirus infections?

Coronaviruses are a group of common viruses. They are named for the crown-like spikes on the surface of the virus. Some coronaviruses only affect animals, but others can also affect humans. Most people get infected with human coronaviruses at some time in their life. This usually causes mild to moderate upper-respiratory infections, like the common cold. But they can also cause more severe illnesses such as bronchitis and pneumonia. There are several different types of human coronaviruses, including the the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronaviruses.

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How are coronavirus infections spread?

Human coronaviruses usually spread from an infected person to others through The air by coughing and sneezing Close personal contact, such as touching or shaking hands Touching an object or surface with the virus on it, then touching your mouth, nose, or eyes before washing your hands Rarely, feces (poop)

Who is at risk for coronavirus infections?

Anyone can get a coronavirus infection, but young children are most likely to get infected. In the United States, infections are more common in the fall and winter.

What are the symptoms of coronavirus infections?

The symptoms depend on the type of coronavirus and how serious the infection is. If you have a mild to moderate upper-respiratory infection such as the common cold, your symptoms may include:

Runny nose
Headache
Cough
Sore throat
Fever
Not feeling well overall

Some coronaviruses can cause severe symptoms.

The infections may turn into bronchitis and pneumonia, which cause symptoms such as:

Fever, which may be quite high if you have pneumonia
Cough with mucus
Shortness of breath
Chest pain or tightness when you breathe and cough
Severe infections are more common in people with heart or lung diseases, people with weakened immune systems, infants, and older adults.

How are coronavirus infections diagnosed?

To make a diagnosis, your health care provider will:

Take your medical history, including asking about your symptoms
Do a physical exam May do blood tests
May do lab tests of sputum, a sample from a throat swab, or other respiratory specimens

Can coronavirus infections be prevented?

Right now, there aren't any vaccines to prevent human coronavirus infections. But you may able to reduce your risk of getting or spreading an infection by:

Washing hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
Avoiding touching your face, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands
Avoiding close contact with people who are sick
Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces that you frequently touch
Covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue. Then throw away the tissue and wash your hands.
Staying home when sick Centers for Disease Control and Prevention